archy/core/archipelago/src/mesh/meshtastic.rs
archipelago 12e7990b10 fix(mesh): route Meshtastic public-channel text to the channel thread, not DMs
Inbound Meshtastic text addressed to BROADCAST_NUM (the default public
LongFast channel, or any channel slot) was filed into a per-sender 1:1 DM
thread, so public-channel messages polluted individual people's DM chats
and appeared as if sent directly to the user.

packet_to_inbound_frame now detects `to == BROADCAST_NUM` and emits a new
synthetic RESP_MESHTASTIC_CHANNEL_TEXT frame
([channel_idx][sender_prefix(6)][text]) that the listener files under the
channel thread (contact_id = u32::MAX - idx) while still attributing the
message to its real sender. Directed text (to == our node) still routes to
the DM thread — a regression test locks that split in.

send_channel_text now sets MeshPacket.channel (field 3) so archy actually
transmits on channel 0 (public) instead of ignoring the slot. Mesh.vue keeps
the synthetic "Meshtastic !xxxx" sender id when that is the best identity
available for a stock public-channel device.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-06-30 14:33:30 -04:00

1763 lines
70 KiB
Rust

//! Async serial driver for Meshtastic devices.
//!
//! Meshtastic uses protobuf payloads over a SLIP-like serial stream. This
//! module implements only the small subset Archipelago needs: connect,
//! discover the local node, send/receive text packets, and provide synthetic
//! contacts to the existing mesh listener.
use super::protocol::{InboundFrame, ParsedContact};
use super::types::{DeviceInfo, DeviceType};
use anyhow::{Context, Result};
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::time::Duration;
use tracing::{debug, info, warn};
const BAUD_RATE: u32 = 115200;
const READ_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
const WRITE_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(2);
const READ_BUF_SIZE: usize = 512;
const START1: u8 = 0x94;
const START2: u8 = 0xc3;
const TO_RADIO_MAX: usize = 512;
const BROADCAST_NUM: u32 = 0xffff_ffff;
const TEXT_MESSAGE_APP: u32 = 1;
const POSITION_APP: u32 = 3;
/// Meshtastic PortNum for NodeInfo (identity) packets — used to actively
/// advertise ourselves over the air so neighbours discover us, the parity
/// equivalent of meshcore's self-advert.
const NODEINFO_APP: u32 = 4;
/// Meshtastic PortNum for admin (config) packets.
const ADMIN_APP: u32 = 6;
/// AdminMessage.set_owner oneof field number (carries a `User`).
const ADMIN_SET_OWNER_FIELD: u64 = 32;
/// Meshtastic firmware caps long_name at ~40 bytes and short_name at 4 bytes.
const MESHTASTIC_LONG_NAME_MAX: usize = 39;
const MESHTASTIC_SHORT_NAME_MAX: usize = 4;
const STALE_RX_SECS: u32 = 24 * 60 * 60;
const PLAUSIBLE_RX_EPOCH_SECS: u32 = 1_700_000_000; // 2023-11-14
const TO_RADIO_PACKET: u64 = 1;
const TO_RADIO_WANT_CONFIG_ID: u64 = 3;
const TO_RADIO_HEARTBEAT: u64 = 7;
const FROM_RADIO_PACKET: u64 = 2;
const FROM_RADIO_MY_INFO: u64 = 3;
const FROM_RADIO_NODE_INFO: u64 = 4;
/// FromRadio.config (field 5): a `Config` block streamed during want_config.
const FROM_RADIO_CONFIG: u64 = 5;
const FROM_RADIO_CONFIG_COMPLETE_ID: u64 = 7;
const FROM_RADIO_REBOOTED: u64 = 8;
/// Upper bound for a single Meshtastic serial API protobuf frame. The serial
/// stream can contain firmware log text, so this is also used to reject false
/// 0x94c3 markers found inside logs instead of waiting forever for a bogus
/// length.
const FROM_RADIO_MAX: usize = 4096;
/// AdminMessage.set_config oneof field number (carries a `Config`). NB: 33 is
/// `set_channel` — `set_config` is 34 (verified against meshtastic/protobufs).
const ADMIN_SET_CONFIG_FIELD: u64 = 34;
/// AdminMessage.set_channel oneof field number (carries a `Channel`).
const ADMIN_SET_CHANNEL_FIELD: u64 = 33;
/// AdminMessage.reboot_seconds oneof field number (int32). Verified against
/// meshtastic/protobufs admin.proto: `reboot_seconds = 97` (NOT 40 — the
/// payload_variant numbers jump after the setters).
const ADMIN_REBOOT_SECONDS_FIELD: u64 = 97;
/// FromRadio.channel (field 10): a `Channel` streamed during want_config.
const FROM_RADIO_CHANNEL: u64 = 10;
const FROM_RADIO_QUEUE_STATUS: u64 = 11;
const FROM_RADIO_XMODEM_PACKET: u64 = 12;
const FROM_RADIO_METADATA: u64 = 13;
const FROM_RADIO_MQTT_CLIENT_PROXY_MESSAGE: u64 = 14;
const FROM_RADIO_FILE_INFO: u64 = 15;
const FROM_RADIO_CLIENT_NOTIFICATION: u64 = 16;
const FROM_RADIO_DEVICE_UI_CONFIG: u64 = 17;
const FROM_RADIO_LOCKDOWN_STATUS: u64 = 18;
const FROM_RADIO_REGION_PRESETS: u64 = 19;
/// Channel.role value for the PRIMARY channel (broadcasts ride here).
const CHANNEL_ROLE_PRIMARY: u64 = 1;
/// Channel.role value for a SECONDARY channel (extra channels we also decode).
const CHANNEL_ROLE_SECONDARY: u64 = 2;
/// Slot index our private archipelago channel occupies (secondary). Slot 0 is
/// kept as the off-the-shelf default public channel so archy interoperates with
/// stock Meshtastic devices (LongFast) AND picks up default-channel users.
const ARCHY_CHANNEL_INDEX: u64 = 1;
/// Meshtastic's default-channel PSK is the single byte 0x01 ("use the well-known
/// default key"); the firmware also reports it expanded to these 16 bytes. Treat
/// EITHER form as "the default channel" so we never reboot-loop re-setting it.
const DEFAULT_PSK_BYTE: &[u8] = &[1];
const DEFAULT_PSK_EXPANDED: &[u8] = &[
0xd4, 0xf1, 0xbb, 0x3a, 0x20, 0x29, 0x07, 0x59, 0xf0, 0xbc, 0xff, 0xab, 0xcf, 0x4e, 0x69, 0x01,
];
/// Config.lora oneof field number (carries a `LoRaConfig`).
const CONFIG_LORA_FIELD: u64 = 6;
/// LoRaConfig field numbers we set when provisioning the radio's region.
const LORA_USE_PRESET_FIELD: u64 = 1;
/// LoRaConfig.modem_preset (field 2). Pinned to LONG_FAST (0) so every archy
/// radio computes the SAME over-the-air frequency/bandwidth. Omitting it (relying
/// on the firmware default) lets a radio keep a non-default preset persisted via
/// the phone app or a differing factory default — which puts radios on different
/// airwaves despite identical region + channel, so they silently never hear each
/// other. ModemPreset enum: LONG_FAST = 0.
const LORA_MODEM_PRESET_FIELD: u64 = 2;
const LORA_MODEM_PRESET_LONG_FAST: u64 = 0;
const LORA_REGION_FIELD: u64 = 7;
const LORA_HOP_LIMIT_FIELD: u64 = 8;
const LORA_TX_ENABLED_FIELD: u64 = 9;
/// RegionCode::UNSET — a radio in this state refuses to transmit or receive on
/// LoRa, so it can never mesh. Fresh-flashed radios ship UNSET.
const REGION_UNSET: u32 = 0;
/// Async Meshtastic device handle.
pub struct MeshtasticDevice {
port: serial2_tokio::SerialPort,
read_buf: Vec<u8>,
node_num: Option<u32>,
user_id: Option<String>,
long_name: Option<String>,
short_name: Option<String>,
contacts: HashMap<u32, ParsedContact>,
/// Real Curve25519 public keys, keyed by node-num, as learned from NodeInfo
/// (`User.public_key`) or PKC-encrypted inbound packets (`MeshPacket
/// .public_key`). Kept SEPARATE from `contacts[*].public_key_hex`, which is
/// the synthetic node-num-derived routing key that `send_text_msg` relies
/// on — we must not overwrite that or unicast routing breaks. This map only
/// records which peers are PKC-capable, so we can tell a true end-to-end
/// (PKI) DM from a channel-PSK fallback.
peer_pubkeys: HashMap<u32, Vec<u8>>,
/// The radio's currently-configured LoRa region code, learned from the
/// `Config.lora` block during `initialize`. `None` until that frame is
/// seen; `Some(REGION_UNSET)` for a fresh radio that has never had a region
/// set (which means it is RF-silent). Used to decide whether we need to
/// provision the operator-configured region — and to avoid a reboot loop by
/// only writing when it actually differs.
current_region: Option<u32>,
/// The radio's current PRIMARY channel as `(name, psk)`, learned from the
/// `Channel` blocks during `initialize`. Two radios only decode each other
/// when their primary channel (name + psk → channel hash) matches, so archy
/// provisions a shared channel here the same way it provisions the region.
/// `None` until a primary `Channel` frame is seen.
current_primary_channel: Option<(String, Vec<u8>)>,
/// The radio's current SECONDARY channel at `ARCHY_CHANNEL_INDEX`, learned
/// from `want_config`. This is where our private "archipelago" channel lives
/// (slot 0 stays the public default). `None` until that slot's `Channel`
/// frame is seen.
current_secondary_channel: Option<(String, Vec<u8>)>,
device_path: String,
/// PKI-encryption status of the most recent inbound text frame yielded by
/// `try_recv_frame`. The synthetic meshcore-style frame can't carry it, so
/// the session loop reads it via `take_rx_encrypted()` right after dispatch
/// to stamp the message's E2E pill. Set true only for `pki_encrypted` DMs.
last_rx_encrypted: bool,
/// Set when the radio announces it just rebooted (`FromRadio.rebooted`). A
/// rebooted firmware drops every client's `want_config` session, so it stops
/// streaming RECEIVED packets to us (we keep getting only our own
/// queue-status). We must re-send `want_config` to re-subscribe to the live
/// packet stream — otherwise inbound messages silently never surface after
/// any config write (region/channel/owner all reboot the radio). Consumed in
/// `try_recv_frame`, which re-issues the handshake.
pending_reinit: bool,
}
impl MeshtasticDevice {
pub async fn open(path: &str) -> Result<Self> {
match tokio::fs::metadata(path).await {
Ok(meta) => {
debug!(path = %path, permissions = ?meta.permissions(), "Device node exists")
}
Err(e) => anyhow::bail!("Serial device {} not accessible: {}", path, e),
}
let port = serial2_tokio::SerialPort::open(path, BAUD_RATE).context(format!(
"Failed to open serial port {} (permission denied? device busy?)",
path
))?;
info!(path = %path, baud = BAUD_RATE, "Opened Meshtastic serial port");
Ok(Self {
port,
read_buf: Vec::with_capacity(READ_BUF_SIZE),
node_num: None,
user_id: None,
long_name: None,
short_name: None,
contacts: HashMap::new(),
peer_pubkeys: HashMap::new(),
current_region: None,
current_primary_channel: None,
current_secondary_channel: None,
device_path: path.to_string(),
last_rx_encrypted: false,
pending_reinit: false,
})
}
pub async fn initialize(&mut self) -> Result<DeviceInfo> {
info!(path = %self.device_path, "Starting Meshtastic handshake");
self.send_to_radio(&encode_want_config()).await?;
let deadline = tokio::time::Instant::now() + READ_TIMEOUT;
let mut saw_meshtastic_frame = false;
let mut saw_config_complete = false;
loop {
let remaining = deadline.saturating_duration_since(tokio::time::Instant::now());
if remaining.is_zero() {
break;
}
match tokio::time::timeout(
remaining.min(Duration::from_millis(250)),
self.read_from_radio(),
)
.await
{
Ok(Ok(Some(frame))) => {
saw_meshtastic_frame = true;
if matches!(
decode_top_level_variant(&frame),
Some((FROM_RADIO_CONFIG_COMPLETE_ID, _))
) {
saw_config_complete = true;
}
self.handle_from_radio(&frame);
if saw_config_complete && self.node_num.is_some() {
break;
}
}
Ok(Ok(None)) | Err(_) => {}
Ok(Err(e)) => return Err(e),
}
}
if !saw_meshtastic_frame {
anyhow::bail!("No Meshtastic serial API response");
}
let node_id = self
.node_num
.ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("Meshtastic serial API did not provide MyInfo"))?;
if self.user_id.is_none() && self.long_name.is_none() && self.short_name.is_none() {
anyhow::bail!("Meshtastic serial API did not provide node identity");
}
let firmware_version = self
.long_name
.clone()
.or_else(|| self.user_id.clone())
.unwrap_or_else(|| "Meshtastic".to_string());
info!(node_id, name = %firmware_version, "Meshtastic identity");
Ok(DeviceInfo {
firmware_version,
node_id,
max_contacts: 200,
device_type: DeviceType::Meshtastic,
})
}
/// Rename the connected Meshtastic radio to match the node's server name so
/// it's findable from external Meshtastic apps (phone/desktop) on the same
/// mesh. Previously this only updated the in-memory field and never told the
/// device — so the radio kept its firmware-default name ("Meshtastic xxxx").
///
/// We push an `AdminMessage { set_owner: User { long_name, short_name } }` to
/// the locally-connected node (an admin packet addressed to our own
/// `node_num`, on the ADMIN_APP port). Local admin over the serial link needs
/// no session passkey, so this is the same path the official phone/CLI client
/// uses for "set owner".
pub async fn set_advert_name(&mut self, name: &str) -> Result<()> {
let long_name: String = name.chars().take(MESHTASTIC_LONG_NAME_MAX).collect();
let short_name = derive_short_name(name).unwrap_or_else(|| {
self.short_name
.clone()
.unwrap_or_else(|| "NODE".to_string())
});
let Some(node_num) = self.node_num else {
// No local node number yet (initialize() not completed) — can't
// address a local admin packet. Record the intent so advert_name()
// still reflects it, but skip the device write.
warn!("Meshtastic set_advert_name: node_num unknown, skipping device write");
self.long_name = Some(long_name);
self.short_name = Some(short_name);
return Ok(());
};
// User { id?(1), long_name(2), short_name(3) }. Echo back the existing id
// when known so the firmware keeps the node's stable `!xxxxxxxx` id.
let mut user = Vec::new();
if let Some(id) = &self.user_id {
encode_len_field(1, id.as_bytes(), &mut user);
}
encode_len_field(2, long_name.as_bytes(), &mut user);
encode_len_field(3, short_name.as_bytes(), &mut user);
// AdminMessage { set_owner(32): User }
let mut admin = Vec::new();
encode_len_field(ADMIN_SET_OWNER_FIELD, &user, &mut admin);
// Admin packet to ourselves on the ADMIN_APP port.
let packet = encode_mesh_packet(node_num, ADMIN_APP, &admin);
self.send_to_radio(&encode_to_radio_variant(TO_RADIO_PACKET, &packet))
.await
.context("Failed to send Meshtastic set_owner admin packet")?;
info!(node_num, long_name = %long_name, short_name = %short_name, "Set Meshtastic device owner");
self.long_name = Some(long_name);
self.short_name = Some(short_name);
Ok(())
}
/// Ensure the radio is provisioned for the operator-configured LoRa region.
/// A freshly-flashed Meshtastic radio ships with `region = UNSET`, which
/// makes the firmware refuse to transmit or receive anything — so two such
/// radios can never see each other and the mesh appears empty. This is the
/// Meshtastic analog of how a meshcore radio comes up on its configured
/// band: archy brings every node onto the same region automatically.
///
/// Returns `Ok(true)` when it actually wrote a new region (the device then
/// reboots to apply it, so the caller should restart the session). Returns
/// `Ok(false)` when no change was needed (already correct, no region
/// configured, or an unrecognised region string) — never reboot-loops.
pub async fn ensure_lora_region(&mut self, region: Option<&str>) -> Result<bool> {
let Some(region_str) = region else {
return Ok(false);
};
let Some(code) = region_name_to_code(region_str) else {
warn!(
region = region_str,
"Unknown LoRa region in mesh-config — leaving radio region unchanged"
);
return Ok(false);
};
if code == REGION_UNSET {
// Operator explicitly asked for UNSET (or blank) — don't fight it.
return Ok(false);
}
match self.current_region {
// The radio already has a REAL region (US, EU_868, ANZ, …). RESPECT
// it — never override the region the user flashed/configured. Forcing
// our configured region onto, say, a US radio would put it on an
// illegal band and cut it off from its local mesh. Off-the-shelf
// devices keep whatever region they came with; `code` (the
// mesh-config region) is only the fallback for a fresh radio below.
Some(cur) if cur != REGION_UNSET => {
if cur != code {
debug!(
device_region = cur,
configured_region = code,
"Respecting the radio's own LoRa region (not overriding with the configured one)"
);
}
Ok(false)
}
// Region is UNSET → a fresh radio is RF-silent and can't mesh at all.
// Set the operator-configured region so it can transmit/receive.
Some(_) => {
self.set_lora_region(code).await?;
Ok(true)
}
// Region unknown (never reported in want_config) — don't guess /
// don't override; leave it for the user to set.
None => Ok(false),
}
}
/// Write a LoRa region to the locally-connected radio via an
/// `AdminMessage { set_config: Config { lora: LoRaConfig { … } } }` on the
/// ADMIN_APP port — the same local-admin path `set_advert_name` uses (no
/// session passkey needed over serial). We send a minimal, valid preset
/// config: `use_preset` + `LONG_FAST` (the default modem preset), the
/// chosen `region`, a sane `hop_limit`, and `tx_enabled`. The firmware
/// reboots to apply the change.
pub async fn set_lora_region(&mut self, region_code: u32) -> Result<()> {
let Some(node_num) = self.node_num else {
anyhow::bail!("Meshtastic set_lora_region: node_num unknown");
};
// LoRaConfig { use_preset(1)=true, modem_preset(2)=LONG_FAST, region(7)=code,
// hop_limit(8)=3, tx_enabled(9)=true }. We pin modem_preset explicitly
// (rather than relying on the firmware default) so every archy radio lands
// on the SAME frequency/bandwidth — otherwise a radio carrying a stale
// non-default preset stays on different airwaves and silently never meshes.
// tx_power defaults to max, which is what we want for a stock mesh.
let mut lora = Vec::new();
encode_varint_field_into(LORA_USE_PRESET_FIELD, 1, &mut lora);
encode_varint_field_into(LORA_MODEM_PRESET_FIELD, LORA_MODEM_PRESET_LONG_FAST, &mut lora);
encode_varint_field_into(LORA_REGION_FIELD, region_code as u64, &mut lora);
encode_varint_field_into(LORA_HOP_LIMIT_FIELD, 3, &mut lora);
encode_varint_field_into(LORA_TX_ENABLED_FIELD, 1, &mut lora);
// Config { lora(6): LoRaConfig }
let mut config = Vec::new();
encode_len_field(CONFIG_LORA_FIELD, &lora, &mut config);
// AdminMessage { set_config(33): Config }
let mut admin = Vec::new();
encode_len_field(ADMIN_SET_CONFIG_FIELD, &config, &mut admin);
let packet = encode_mesh_packet(node_num, ADMIN_APP, &admin);
self.send_to_radio(&encode_to_radio_variant(TO_RADIO_PACKET, &packet))
.await
.context("Failed to send Meshtastic set_config(LoRa region) admin packet")?;
info!(
node_num,
region_code, "Set Meshtastic LoRa region (device will reboot to apply)"
);
self.current_region = Some(region_code);
Ok(())
}
/// Reboot the locally-connected radio via `AdminMessage { reboot_seconds }`
/// on the ADMIN_APP port — the same local-admin path `set_advert_name` /
/// `set_lora_region` use (no session passkey needed over serial). The
/// firmware reboots after `seconds`, which clears a wedged / RX-deaf radio
/// (a radio that has stopped hearing the mesh while still transmitting) and
/// re-runs its LoRa init. The listener's reboot→reconnect loop reopens the
/// serial link when it comes back.
pub async fn reboot(&mut self, seconds: i64) -> Result<()> {
let Some(node_num) = self.node_num else {
anyhow::bail!("Meshtastic reboot: node_num unknown");
};
// AdminMessage { reboot_seconds(97): int32 }. We only ever pass a small
// positive delay, which encodes as a plain varint.
let mut admin = Vec::new();
encode_varint_field_into(ADMIN_REBOOT_SECONDS_FIELD, seconds as u64, &mut admin);
let packet = encode_mesh_packet(node_num, ADMIN_APP, &admin);
self.send_to_radio(&encode_to_radio_variant(TO_RADIO_PACKET, &packet))
.await
.context("Failed to send Meshtastic reboot admin packet")?;
info!(
node_num,
seconds, "Sent Meshtastic radio reboot (device will reboot to recover)"
);
Ok(())
}
/// Provision archy's two channels so the radio works like off-the-shelf
/// Meshtastic AND carries our private group:
/// - slot 0 (PRIMARY) = the DEFAULT public channel (name "", default key)
/// → archy interoperates with every stock device on LongFast and picks
/// up default-channel users; our own NodeInfo broadcasts ride here.
/// - slot 1 (SECONDARY) = "archipelago" (deterministic psk from the name)
/// → the private archy↔archy group channel (parity with meshcore).
///
/// Writes at most ONE channel per call (each write reboots the radio), so the
/// existing reboot→reconnect→re-check loop converges over a couple of cycles
/// without ever reboot-looping. Returns `Ok(true)` when it wrote something.
pub async fn ensure_channel(&mut self, channel_name: Option<&str>) -> Result<bool> {
// 1) Primary must be the default public channel (off-the-shelf interop).
if !primary_is_default(&self.current_primary_channel) {
self.set_channel(0, "", DEFAULT_PSK_BYTE, CHANNEL_ROLE_PRIMARY)
.await?;
return Ok(true);
}
// 2) Secondary slot = our private archipelago channel (when configured).
let Some(channel_name) = channel_name.filter(|n| !n.is_empty()) else {
return Ok(false);
};
let desired_psk = derive_channel_psk(channel_name);
let already = matches!(
&self.current_secondary_channel,
Some((name, psk)) if name == channel_name && psk == &desired_psk
);
if already {
Ok(false)
} else {
self.set_channel(
ARCHY_CHANNEL_INDEX,
channel_name,
&desired_psk,
CHANNEL_ROLE_SECONDARY,
)
.await?;
Ok(true)
}
}
/// Write a channel slot via `AdminMessage { set_channel: Channel { … } }`
/// (the same local-admin path as `set_advert_name`). The firmware reboots to
/// apply it.
pub async fn set_channel(
&mut self,
index: u64,
name: &str,
psk: &[u8],
role: u64,
) -> Result<()> {
let Some(node_num) = self.node_num else {
anyhow::bail!("Meshtastic set_channel: node_num unknown");
};
// ChannelSettings { psk(2), name(3) }
let mut settings = Vec::new();
encode_len_field(2, psk, &mut settings);
encode_len_field(3, name.as_bytes(), &mut settings);
// Channel { index(1), settings(2), role(3) }
let mut channel = Vec::new();
encode_varint_field_into(1, index, &mut channel);
encode_len_field(2, &settings, &mut channel);
encode_varint_field_into(3, role, &mut channel);
// AdminMessage { set_channel(33): Channel }
let mut admin = Vec::new();
encode_len_field(ADMIN_SET_CHANNEL_FIELD, &channel, &mut admin);
let packet = encode_mesh_packet(node_num, ADMIN_APP, &admin);
self.send_to_radio(&encode_to_radio_variant(TO_RADIO_PACKET, &packet))
.await
.context("Failed to send Meshtastic set_channel admin packet")?;
let slot = if role == CHANNEL_ROLE_PRIMARY {
"primary(default)"
} else {
"secondary(archipelago)"
};
info!(node_num, index, channel = %name, slot, "Set Meshtastic channel (device will reboot to apply)");
if role == CHANNEL_ROLE_PRIMARY {
self.current_primary_channel = Some((name.to_string(), psk.to_vec()));
} else {
self.current_secondary_channel = Some((name.to_string(), psk.to_vec()));
}
Ok(())
}
pub async fn send_self_advert(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
self.send_to_radio(&encode_heartbeat()).await?;
self.send_time_broadcast().await
}
/// Lightweight serial keepalive: a bare `ToRadio.heartbeat`. The firmware's
/// PhoneAPI treats a client that goes quiet as gone and can stop streaming
/// received packets to it; a once-a-minute advert heartbeat is too sparse, so
/// the session loop pings this every few seconds to keep the inbound stream
/// flowing. No NodeInfo/Position side effects, so it's cheap to call often.
pub async fn send_keepalive(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
self.send_to_radio(&encode_heartbeat()).await
}
/// Broadcast a minimal Position payload carrying current epoch time. The
/// Meshtastic protobuf explicitly documents `Position.time` as the path for
/// phone/API clients to set time on mesh devices without GPS/RTC. This keeps
/// stock Meshtastic clients from rendering incoming Archipelago-originated
/// packets as Jan 1 1970 when their radio clock is unset.
pub async fn send_time_broadcast(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
let now = now_unix_secs();
let mut position = Vec::new();
encode_fixed32_field(4, now, &mut position);
encode_fixed32_field(7, now, &mut position);
let packet = encode_mesh_packet(BROADCAST_NUM, POSITION_APP, &position);
self.send_to_radio(&encode_to_radio_variant(TO_RADIO_PACKET, &packet))
.await
}
/// Build our own `User` protobuf (id/long_name/short_name) for a NodeInfo
/// advert. Returns `None` until the handshake has learned our identity.
fn build_self_user(&self) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
let mut user = Vec::new();
if let Some(id) = &self.user_id {
encode_len_field(1, id.as_bytes(), &mut user);
}
if let Some(long_name) = &self.long_name {
encode_len_field(2, long_name.as_bytes(), &mut user);
}
if let Some(short_name) = &self.short_name {
encode_len_field(3, short_name.as_bytes(), &mut user);
}
if user.is_empty() {
None
} else {
Some(user)
}
}
/// Actively advertise our identity over the air by broadcasting a NodeInfo
/// packet (our `User`) on the primary channel. Meshtastic radios otherwise
/// only emit NodeInfo on boot and every few hours, so without this two
/// already-running nodes can sit forever without discovering each other.
/// This is the Meshtastic analog of meshcore's periodic self-advert.
///
/// `want_response` solicits each neighbour to reply with its own NodeInfo —
/// use it on connect for immediate two-way discovery; leave it off for the
/// periodic beacon so a busy mesh doesn't trigger reply storms.
pub async fn send_nodeinfo_broadcast(&mut self, want_response: bool) -> Result<()> {
let Some(user) = self.build_self_user() else {
debug!("Meshtastic NodeInfo advert skipped — local identity not known yet");
return Ok(());
};
// Data { portnum(1)=NODEINFO_APP, payload(2)=User, want_response(3)? }
let mut data = Vec::new();
encode_varint_field_into(1, NODEINFO_APP as u64, &mut data);
encode_len_field(2, &user, &mut data);
if want_response {
encode_varint_field_into(3, 1, &mut data);
}
// MeshPacket { to(2)=BROADCAST (fixed32), decoded(4)=Data }. The firmware
// fills in `from` = our node-num when it transmits.
let mut packet = Vec::new();
encode_fixed32_field(2, BROADCAST_NUM, &mut packet);
encode_len_field(4, &data, &mut packet);
self.send_to_radio(&encode_to_radio_variant(TO_RADIO_PACKET, &packet))
.await
.context("Failed to send Meshtastic NodeInfo broadcast")?;
debug!(want_response, "Broadcast Meshtastic NodeInfo advert");
Ok(())
}
pub async fn send_channel_text(&mut self, channel: u8, msg: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
let text = String::from_utf8_lossy(msg);
let mut packet = encode_mesh_packet(BROADCAST_NUM, TEXT_MESSAGE_APP, text.as_bytes());
// MeshPacket.channel (field 3, varint) selects which channel slot the
// firmware encrypts and transmits on. 0 = primary (the default public
// LongFast channel); a non-zero slot is our secondary archipelago
// channel. Appended after encode_mesh_packet's fields — protobuf fields
// are order-independent.
if channel != 0 {
encode_varint_field_into(3, channel as u64, &mut packet);
}
self.send_to_radio(&encode_to_radio_variant(TO_RADIO_PACKET, &packet))
.await
}
/// Native Meshtastic unicast DM. Our synthetic Meshtastic pubkeys carry the
/// numeric node-id in their first 4 bytes (little-endian, see
/// `synthetic_pubkey`), so `dest_pubkey_prefix` directly yields the
/// destination node number. We send a directed MeshPacket (`to` = node num)
/// rather than a `BROADCAST_NUM` channel blast — this is the Meshtastic
/// analog of the meshcore `CMD_SEND_TXT_MSG` fix: the message is delivered
/// as a real DM (only the recipient's client surfaces it) instead of
/// polluting the shared primary channel where every node would see it.
///
/// If the prefix decodes to node 0 / broadcast (e.g. a non-Meshtastic
/// synthetic key routed here by mistake), fall back to a channel send so the
/// device interface stays uniform and the message still goes out.
pub async fn send_text_msg(&mut self, dest_pubkey_prefix: &[u8; 6], msg: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
let node_num = u32::from_le_bytes([
dest_pubkey_prefix[0],
dest_pubkey_prefix[1],
dest_pubkey_prefix[2],
dest_pubkey_prefix[3],
]);
if node_num == 0 || node_num == BROADCAST_NUM {
return self.send_channel_text(0, msg).await;
}
let text = String::from_utf8_lossy(msg);
let packet = encode_mesh_packet(node_num, TEXT_MESSAGE_APP, text.as_bytes());
self.send_to_radio(&encode_to_radio_variant(TO_RADIO_PACKET, &packet))
.await
}
/// Meshtastic has no meshcore-style contact table; these are no-ops so the
/// device interface stays uniform.
pub async fn remove_contact(&mut self, _pubkey: &[u8; 32]) -> Result<()> {
Ok(())
}
pub async fn add_contact(
&mut self,
_pubkey: &[u8; 32],
_contact_type: u8,
_flags: u8,
_out_path_len: u8,
_name: &str,
_last_advert: u32,
) -> Result<()> {
Ok(())
}
pub async fn get_contacts(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<ParsedContact>> {
if self.contacts.is_empty() {
self.send_to_radio(&encode_want_config()).await?;
let deadline = tokio::time::Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(2);
while tokio::time::Instant::now() < deadline {
match self.read_from_radio().await? {
Some(frame) => {
let config_complete = matches!(
decode_top_level_variant(&frame),
Some((FROM_RADIO_CONFIG_COMPLETE_ID, _))
);
self.handle_from_radio(&frame);
if config_complete || !self.contacts.is_empty() {
break;
}
}
None => tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)).await,
}
}
}
Ok(self.contacts.values().cloned().collect())
}
pub async fn reset_contact_path(&mut self, _pubkey: &[u8; 32]) -> Result<()> {
Ok(())
}
pub async fn sync_messages(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<InboundFrame>> {
Ok(Vec::new())
}
pub async fn try_recv_frame(&mut self) -> Result<Option<InboundFrame>> {
// Drain a bounded batch of frames per poll, processing EACH for its side
// effects (my_info/config/channel/node_info) and returning the first that
// yields an inbound text frame. The old one-frame-per-poll behavior
// returned Ok(None) for every non-text frame, so the caller slept 50ms
// between frames; under Meshtastic's frequent NodeInfo/telemetry stream a
// received text packet queued behind them and the read buffer's 64KB cap
// could drain (drop) it before it was ever decoded — silently killing
// reception while sends kept working. Draining keeps the buffer short so
// the text frame is decoded the same poll it arrives. Bounded to 64 so a
// continuous flood still yields back to the session select! loop.
for _ in 0..64 {
let Some(frame) = self.read_from_radio().await? else {
break;
};
let inbound = self.handle_from_radio(&frame);
// If the radio announced a reboot while draining, re-subscribe to the
// live packet stream BEFORE returning, so we don't go deaf to inbound
// packets for the rest of the session. (A reboot drops our want_config
// session on the firmware side.)
if self.pending_reinit {
self.pending_reinit = false;
if let Err(e) = self.send_to_radio(&encode_want_config()).await {
warn!("Failed to re-request config after radio reboot: {}", e);
} else {
info!("Re-requested Meshtastic config after reboot — packet stream resubscribed");
}
}
if let Some(inbound) = inbound {
return Ok(Some(inbound));
}
}
Ok(None)
}
/// Whether we've learned `node_num`'s real PKI (Curve25519) key — from a
/// NodeInfo `public_key` or an inbound PKC DM — meaning the firmware can
/// deliver DMs to/from it end-to-end encrypted instead of falling back to
/// the channel PSK. Driver-internal for now; lets a future mesh-tab badge
/// distinguish a true E2E DM from a channel-encrypted one without changing
/// the shared device interface (which would break meshcore hot-swap).
#[allow(dead_code)] // seam: consumed when the mesh-tab E2E badge lands
pub fn peer_is_pkc_capable(&self, node_num: u32) -> bool {
self.peer_pubkeys
.get(&node_num)
.is_some_and(|k| !k.is_empty())
}
pub fn advert_name(&self) -> Option<String> {
self.long_name
.clone()
.or_else(|| self.short_name.clone())
.or_else(|| self.user_id.clone())
}
async fn send_to_radio(&mut self, payload: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
if payload.len() > TO_RADIO_MAX {
anyhow::bail!("Meshtastic payload too large: {} bytes", payload.len());
}
let mut frame = Vec::with_capacity(4 + payload.len());
frame.push(START1);
frame.push(START2);
frame.extend_from_slice(&(payload.len() as u16).to_be_bytes());
frame.extend_from_slice(payload);
tokio::time::timeout(WRITE_TIMEOUT, self.port.write_all(&frame))
.await
.context("Meshtastic serial write timed out")?
.context("Meshtastic serial write failed")?;
Ok(())
}
async fn read_from_radio(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Vec<u8>>> {
if let Some(frame) = decode_serial_frame(&mut self.read_buf) {
return Ok(Some(frame));
}
// Drain aggressively. Meshtastic firmware interleaves verbose debug-log
// text with protobuf frames on the same serial line, so a single small
// read per poll can fall behind the byte stream, overflow the OS serial
// buffer, and corrupt/drop inbound frames — which silently kills message
// reception while leaving sends working. Pull up to a bounded burst of
// bytes per call, decoding as soon as a complete frame appears.
let mut tmp = [0u8; READ_BUF_SIZE];
for _ in 0..32 {
match tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_millis(30), self.port.read(&mut tmp)).await {
Ok(Ok(0)) => anyhow::bail!("Meshtastic serial port closed"),
Ok(Ok(n)) => {
self.read_buf.extend_from_slice(&tmp[..n]);
if let Some(frame) = decode_serial_frame(&mut self.read_buf) {
return Ok(Some(frame));
}
// Bound memory if it's a pure-debug flood with no frames:
// keep only from the last possible frame-start marker.
if self.read_buf.len() > 64 * 1024 {
if let Some(pos) = self
.read_buf
.windows(2)
.rposition(|w| w == [START1, START2])
{
self.read_buf.drain(..pos);
} else {
self.read_buf.clear();
}
}
}
Ok(Err(e)) => return Err(e).context("Meshtastic serial read error"),
Err(_) => break, // no more bytes available right now
}
}
Ok(decode_serial_frame(&mut self.read_buf))
}
fn handle_from_radio(&mut self, frame: &[u8]) -> Option<InboundFrame> {
let Some((field, value)) = decode_top_level_variant(frame) else {
debug!(
len = frame.len(),
head = %hex::encode(&frame[..frame.len().min(8)]),
"Meshtastic FromRadio frame did not decode to a known top-level field"
);
return None;
};
debug!(field, value_len = value.len(), "Meshtastic FromRadio field");
match field {
FROM_RADIO_MY_INFO => {
if let Some((node_num, user_id)) = parse_my_info(value) {
self.node_num = Some(node_num);
if let Some(user_id) = user_id {
self.user_id = Some(user_id);
}
}
None
}
FROM_RADIO_NODE_INFO => {
self.update_node_info(value);
None
}
FROM_RADIO_PACKET => self.packet_to_inbound_frame(value),
FROM_RADIO_CONFIG => {
// Only the LoRa sub-config carries a region; other Config
// variants (device/position/…) return None and are ignored.
if let Some(region) = parse_config_lora_region(value) {
self.current_region = Some(region);
debug!(region, "Meshtastic LoRa region from device config");
}
None
}
FROM_RADIO_CHANNEL => {
if let Some((index, role, name, psk)) = parse_channel(value) {
debug!(index, role, name = %name, psk_len = psk.len(), "Meshtastic channel from device");
if role == CHANNEL_ROLE_PRIMARY {
self.current_primary_channel = Some((name, psk));
} else if index == ARCHY_CHANNEL_INDEX {
self.current_secondary_channel = Some((name, psk));
}
}
None
}
FROM_RADIO_REBOOTED => {
// The radio just rebooted (a config write, or a manual/OTA
// reboot). Its firmware has dropped our `want_config` session,
// so it will no longer stream RECEIVED packets to us — we'd be
// left hearing only our own queue-status and silently miss every
// inbound message. Flag a re-subscribe; `try_recv_frame` re-issues
// `want_config` to resume the live packet stream.
warn!("Meshtastic radio rebooted — will re-request config to resume packet stream");
self.pending_reinit = true;
None
}
FROM_RADIO_CONFIG_COMPLETE_ID
| FROM_RADIO_QUEUE_STATUS
| FROM_RADIO_XMODEM_PACKET
| FROM_RADIO_METADATA
| FROM_RADIO_MQTT_CLIENT_PROXY_MESSAGE
| FROM_RADIO_FILE_INFO
| FROM_RADIO_CLIENT_NOTIFICATION
| FROM_RADIO_DEVICE_UI_CONFIG
| FROM_RADIO_LOCKDOWN_STATUS
| FROM_RADIO_REGION_PRESETS => None,
other => {
debug!(
field = other,
len = value.len(),
"Unhandled Meshtastic FromRadio field"
);
None
}
}
}
fn update_node_info(&mut self, data: &[u8]) {
if let Some(node) = parse_node_info(data) {
if let Some(pk) = node.public_key.as_ref() {
if self.peer_pubkeys.insert(node.num, pk.clone()).is_none() {
debug!(
node = node.num,
key_len = pk.len(),
"Meshtastic peer is PKC-capable (NodeInfo public_key)"
);
}
}
let key = synthetic_pubkey(node.num);
let name = node
.long_name
.or(node.short_name)
.or(node.id)
.unwrap_or_else(|| format!("Meshtastic !{:08x}", node.num));
if Some(node.num) == self.node_num {
self.long_name = Some(name.clone());
}
self.contacts.insert(
node.num,
ParsedContact {
public_key_hex: hex::encode(key),
advert_name: name,
last_advert: node.last_heard.unwrap_or_default(),
contact_type: 1,
path_len: 0xff,
flags: 0,
},
);
}
}
fn packet_to_inbound_frame(&mut self, data: &[u8]) -> Option<InboundFrame> {
packet_to_inbound_frame(
data,
self.node_num,
&mut self.contacts,
&mut self.peer_pubkeys,
)
}
/// Take + clear the PKI-E2E status of the last inbound text frame. The
/// session loop calls this right after dispatching a received frame to stamp
/// the message's E2E pill (meshtastic DMs are E2E only when PKI-encrypted).
pub fn take_rx_encrypted(&mut self) -> bool {
std::mem::take(&mut self.last_rx_encrypted)
}
}
fn packet_to_inbound_frame(
data: &[u8],
local_node_num: Option<u32>,
contacts: &mut HashMap<u32, ParsedContact>,
peer_pubkeys: &mut HashMap<u32, Vec<u8>>,
) -> Option<InboundFrame> {
let Some(packet) = parse_mesh_packet(data) else {
debug!(
len = data.len(),
head = %hex::encode(&data[..data.len().min(16)]),
"Meshtastic FromRadio.packet did not parse into a decoded MeshPacket"
);
return None;
};
if packet.portnum != TEXT_MESSAGE_APP || packet.payload.is_empty() {
debug!(
from = ?packet.from.map(|n| format!("!{:08x}", n)),
portnum = packet.portnum,
payload_len = packet.payload.len(),
pki = packet.pki_encrypted,
"Meshtastic packet ignored because it is not a text payload"
);
return None;
}
if packet_is_stale(packet.rx_time) {
debug!(
from = ?packet.from.map(|n| format!("!{:08x}", n)),
rx_time = ?packet.rx_time,
"Dropping stale Meshtastic text packet from radio backlog"
);
return None;
}
let from = packet.from.unwrap_or(0);
if Some(from) == local_node_num {
debug!(
from = format!("!{:08x}", from),
"Ignoring Meshtastic local echo packet"
);
return None;
}
info!(
from = format!("!{:08x}", from),
len = packet.payload.len(),
pki = packet.pki_encrypted,
"Meshtastic received text packet over the air"
);
// Record E2E status without overwriting the synthetic routing key used by
// the shared mesh listener.
if let Some(pk) = packet.public_key.as_ref() {
peer_pubkeys.entry(from).or_insert_with(|| pk.clone());
}
if packet.pki_encrypted {
debug!(
node = from,
"Meshtastic DM received end-to-end encrypted (PKI)"
);
}
let from_key = synthetic_pubkey(from);
contacts.entry(from).or_insert_with(|| ParsedContact {
public_key_hex: hex::encode(synthetic_pubkey(from)),
advert_name: format!("Meshtastic !{:08x}", from),
last_advert: 0,
contact_type: 1,
path_len: 0xff,
flags: 0,
});
// Channel broadcast (e.g. the default public LongFast channel, or any other
// channel slot): `to == BROADCAST_NUM`. File it under the channel thread —
// NOT a 1:1 DM with the sender — so it shows in the public/channel view,
// while still carrying the sender prefix so the listener can attribute each
// message to who sent it. Without this, every public-channel message was
// scattered into per-sender DM threads and the public channel looked dead.
if packet.to == Some(BROADCAST_NUM) {
let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(7 + packet.payload.len());
data.push(packet.channel); // channel index (0 = primary/public)
data.extend_from_slice(&from_key[..6]); // sender pubkey prefix
data.extend_from_slice(&packet.payload);
return Some(InboundFrame {
code: super::protocol::RESP_MESHTASTIC_CHANNEL_TEXT,
data,
bytes_consumed: 0,
});
}
let mut payload = Vec::with_capacity(15 + packet.payload.len());
payload.push(0); // SNR unknown
payload.extend_from_slice(&[0, 0]); // reserved
payload.extend_from_slice(&from_key[..6]);
payload.push(0xff); // unknown/flood path
payload.push(0); // text type
payload.extend_from_slice(&packet.rx_time.unwrap_or_else(now_unix_secs).to_le_bytes());
payload.extend_from_slice(&packet.payload);
Some(InboundFrame {
code: if packet.pki_encrypted {
super::protocol::RESP_CONTACT_MSG_V3_E2E
} else {
super::protocol::RESP_CONTACT_MSG_V3
},
data: payload,
bytes_consumed: 0,
})
}
fn packet_is_stale(rx_time: Option<u32>) -> bool {
let Some(rx_time) = rx_time else {
return false;
};
// Radios without GPS/RTC can report tiny nonzero epoch values until their
// clock is set. Treat those as unknown, not stale, or live LoRa packets from
// stock Meshtastic peers disappear before reaching mesh.messages.
if rx_time < PLAUSIBLE_RX_EPOCH_SECS {
return false;
}
let now = now_unix_secs();
if now < PLAUSIBLE_RX_EPOCH_SECS || rx_time > now.saturating_add(60) {
return false;
}
rx_time.saturating_add(STALE_RX_SECS) < now
}
fn decode_serial_frame(buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
loop {
let start = buf.windows(2).position(|w| w == [START1, START2])?;
if start > 0 {
buf.drain(..start);
}
if buf.len() < 4 {
return None;
}
let len = u16::from_be_bytes([buf[2], buf[3]]) as usize;
if len == 0 || len > FROM_RADIO_MAX {
debug!(
len,
head = %hex::encode(&buf[..buf.len().min(16)]),
"Discarding invalid Meshtastic serial frame marker"
);
buf.drain(..1);
continue;
}
if buf.len() < 4 + len {
return None;
}
let payload = buf[4..4 + len].to_vec();
if decode_top_level_variant(&payload).is_none() {
debug!(
len,
head = %hex::encode(&buf[..buf.len().min(16)]),
"Discarding invalid Meshtastic serial frame payload"
);
buf.drain(..1);
continue;
}
buf.drain(..4 + len);
return Some(payload);
}
}
fn encode_want_config() -> Vec<u8> {
encode_varint_field(TO_RADIO_WANT_CONFIG_ID, 1)
}
/// Derive a Meshtastic short_name (≤4 chars, the label shown on node icons) from
/// the human node name: the first few alphanumeric characters, upper-cased.
/// Returns `None` when the name has no usable alphanumeric characters.
fn derive_short_name(name: &str) -> Option<String> {
let short: String = name
.chars()
.filter(|c| c.is_alphanumeric())
.take(MESHTASTIC_SHORT_NAME_MAX)
.collect::<String>()
.to_uppercase();
if short.is_empty() {
None
} else {
Some(short)
}
}
fn encode_heartbeat() -> Vec<u8> {
encode_to_radio_variant(TO_RADIO_HEARTBEAT, &[])
}
/// Extract `LoRaConfig.region` from a `Config` message, returning the region
/// code. Returns `Some(REGION_UNSET)` when the LoRa block is present but has no
/// region field (a fresh radio), and `None` when this Config carries a
/// non-LoRa variant (device/position/…) so the caller keeps the prior value.
fn parse_config_lora_region(data: &[u8]) -> Option<u32> {
let mut idx = 0;
while idx < data.len() {
let (field, value, next) = next_field(data, idx)?;
idx = next;
if field == CONFIG_LORA_FIELD {
if let FieldValue::Bytes(b) = value {
let mut j = 0;
let mut region = REGION_UNSET;
while j < b.len() {
let (lf, lv, ln) = next_field(b, j)?;
j = ln;
if lf == LORA_REGION_FIELD {
if let FieldValue::Varint(v) = lv {
region = v as u32;
}
}
}
return Some(region);
}
}
}
None
}
/// True when the radio's primary channel is the off-the-shelf DEFAULT public
/// channel (empty name + the default key, in either its 1-byte or expanded
/// form). Used so we only rewrite the primary when it's been clobbered (e.g. an
/// older archy that set "archipelago" as primary) — never on a stock radio.
fn primary_is_default(primary: &Option<(String, Vec<u8>)>) -> bool {
match primary {
Some((name, psk)) => {
name.is_empty()
&& (psk.as_slice() == DEFAULT_PSK_BYTE || psk.as_slice() == DEFAULT_PSK_EXPANDED)
}
None => false,
}
}
/// Extract `(index, role, name, psk)` from a `Channel` message. The caller
/// stores the primary (slot 0) and our secondary slot separately so it can keep
/// both the public default channel and the private archipelago channel in sync.
fn parse_channel(data: &[u8]) -> Option<(u64, u64, String, Vec<u8>)> {
let mut index = 0u64;
let mut role = 0u64;
let mut name = String::new();
let mut psk = Vec::new();
let mut idx = 0;
while idx < data.len() {
let (field, value, next) = next_field(data, idx)?;
idx = next;
match (field, value) {
(1, FieldValue::Varint(v)) => index = v,
(3, FieldValue::Varint(v)) => role = v,
(2, FieldValue::Bytes(b)) => {
let mut j = 0;
while j < b.len() {
let (sf, sv, sn) = next_field(b, j)?;
j = sn;
match (sf, sv) {
(2, FieldValue::Bytes(p)) => psk = p.to_vec(),
(3, FieldValue::Bytes(n)) => name = String::from_utf8_lossy(n).to_string(),
_ => {}
}
}
}
_ => {}
}
}
Some((index, role, name, psk))
}
/// Derive the 32-byte channel PSK deterministically from the channel name, so
/// every archy node configured with the same `channel_name` converges on the
/// exact same primary channel (identical hash) and meshes automatically.
fn derive_channel_psk(channel_name: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
use sha2::{Digest, Sha256};
let mut hasher = Sha256::new();
hasher.update(b"archipelago-mesh:");
hasher.update(channel_name.as_bytes());
hasher.finalize().to_vec()
}
/// Map a Meshtastic `RegionCode` name (as set in `mesh-config.json`, e.g.
/// "EU_868", "US", "ANZ") to its protobuf enum value. Case-insensitive.
/// Returns `None` for an unrecognised name so we never write a bogus region.
fn region_name_to_code(name: &str) -> Option<u32> {
Some(match name.trim().to_uppercase().as_str() {
"UNSET" => 0,
"US" => 1,
"EU_433" => 2,
"EU_868" | "EU868" => 3,
"CN" => 4,
"JP" => 5,
"ANZ" => 6,
"KR" => 7,
"TW" => 8,
"RU" => 9,
"IN" => 10,
"NZ_865" => 11,
"TH" => 12,
"LORA_24" => 13,
"UA_433" => 14,
"UA_868" => 15,
"MY_433" => 16,
"MY_919" => 17,
"SG_923" => 18,
"PH_433" => 19,
"PH_868" => 20,
"PH_915" => 21,
"ANZ_433" => 22,
_ => return None,
})
}
fn encode_to_radio_variant(field: u64, bytes: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
let mut out = Vec::new();
encode_len_field(field, bytes, &mut out);
out
}
fn encode_mesh_packet(to: u32, portnum: u32, payload: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
let mut decoded = Vec::new();
encode_varint_field_into(1, portnum as u64, &mut decoded);
encode_len_field(2, payload, &mut decoded);
let mut packet = Vec::new();
encode_fixed32_field(2, to, &mut packet);
encode_len_field(4, &decoded, &mut packet);
encode_fixed32_field(6, next_packet_id(), &mut packet);
encode_fixed32_field(7, now_unix_secs(), &mut packet);
// Meshtastic treats an unset hop_limit as zero, i.e. direct-neighbor only.
// Set a normal mesh hop limit so stock-device DMs can route beyond one hop.
encode_varint_field_into(9, 3, &mut packet);
if to != BROADCAST_NUM {
encode_varint_field_into(10, 1, &mut packet);
}
packet
}
fn decode_top_level_variant(buf: &[u8]) -> Option<(u64, &[u8])> {
let mut idx = 0;
while idx < buf.len() {
let (key, n) = read_varint(&buf[idx..])?;
idx += n;
let field = key >> 3;
match key & 0x07 {
0 => {
let (_, n) = read_varint(&buf[idx..])?;
idx += n;
if matches!(field, FROM_RADIO_CONFIG_COMPLETE_ID | FROM_RADIO_REBOOTED) {
return Some((field, &[]));
}
}
2 => {
let (len, n) = read_varint(&buf[idx..])?;
idx += n;
let end = idx.checked_add(len as usize)?;
if end > buf.len() {
return None;
}
if matches!(
field,
FROM_RADIO_PACKET
| FROM_RADIO_MY_INFO
| FROM_RADIO_NODE_INFO
| FROM_RADIO_CONFIG
| FROM_RADIO_CHANNEL
| FROM_RADIO_QUEUE_STATUS
| FROM_RADIO_XMODEM_PACKET
| FROM_RADIO_METADATA
| FROM_RADIO_MQTT_CLIENT_PROXY_MESSAGE
| FROM_RADIO_FILE_INFO
| FROM_RADIO_CLIENT_NOTIFICATION
| FROM_RADIO_DEVICE_UI_CONFIG
| FROM_RADIO_LOCKDOWN_STATUS
| FROM_RADIO_REGION_PRESETS
) {
return Some((field, &buf[idx..end]));
}
idx = end;
}
_ => return None,
}
}
None
}
fn parse_my_info(data: &[u8]) -> Option<(u32, Option<String>)> {
let mut idx = 0;
let mut node_num = None;
let mut user_id = None;
while idx < data.len() {
let (field, value, next) = next_field(data, idx)?;
idx = next;
match (field, value) {
(1, FieldValue::Varint(v)) => node_num = Some(v as u32),
(1, FieldValue::Fixed32(v)) => node_num = Some(v),
(3, FieldValue::Bytes(b)) => user_id = parse_user(b).and_then(|u| u.id),
_ => {}
}
}
node_num.map(|n| (n, user_id))
}
struct ParsedNode {
num: u32,
id: Option<String>,
long_name: Option<String>,
short_name: Option<String>,
last_heard: Option<u32>,
public_key: Option<Vec<u8>>,
}
fn parse_node_info(data: &[u8]) -> Option<ParsedNode> {
let mut idx = 0;
let mut node = ParsedNode {
num: 0,
id: None,
long_name: None,
short_name: None,
last_heard: None,
public_key: None,
};
while idx < data.len() {
let (field, value, next) = next_field(data, idx)?;
idx = next;
match (field, value) {
(1, FieldValue::Varint(v)) => node.num = v as u32,
(1, FieldValue::Fixed32(v)) => node.num = v,
(2, FieldValue::Bytes(b)) => {
if let Some(user) = parse_user(b) {
node.id = user.id;
node.long_name = user.long_name;
node.short_name = user.short_name;
node.public_key = user.public_key;
}
}
(5, FieldValue::Fixed32(v)) => node.last_heard = Some(v),
_ => {}
}
}
if node.num == 0 {
None
} else {
Some(node)
}
}
struct ParsedUser {
id: Option<String>,
long_name: Option<String>,
short_name: Option<String>,
public_key: Option<Vec<u8>>,
}
fn parse_user(data: &[u8]) -> Option<ParsedUser> {
let mut idx = 0;
let mut user = ParsedUser {
id: None,
long_name: None,
short_name: None,
public_key: None,
};
while idx < data.len() {
let (field, value, next) = next_field(data, idx)?;
idx = next;
match (field, value) {
(1, FieldValue::Bytes(b)) => user.id = string_field(b),
(2, FieldValue::Bytes(b)) => user.long_name = string_field(b),
(3, FieldValue::Bytes(b)) => user.short_name = string_field(b),
// User.public_key (field 8): the peer's Curve25519 key. Its presence
// means the radio can PKC-encrypt DMs to this node end-to-end.
(8, FieldValue::Bytes(b)) if !b.is_empty() => user.public_key = Some(b.to_vec()),
_ => {}
}
}
Some(user)
}
struct ParsedPacket {
from: Option<u32>,
/// MeshPacket.to (field 2): the destination node, or `BROADCAST_NUM` for a
/// channel broadcast. Distinguishes a directed DM from a public/channel
/// message so each lands in the right thread.
to: Option<u32>,
/// MeshPacket.channel (field 3): the channel index a broadcast arrived on
/// (0 = primary / default public LongFast).
channel: u8,
portnum: u32,
payload: Vec<u8>,
#[allow(dead_code)]
id: Option<u32>,
rx_time: Option<u32>,
/// MeshPacket.pki_encrypted (field 17): the firmware decrypted this packet
/// with the PKI (Curve25519) key, i.e. it arrived end-to-end encrypted
/// rather than via the shared channel PSK.
pki_encrypted: bool,
/// MeshPacket.public_key (field 16): the sender's key, carried on PKC DMs.
public_key: Option<Vec<u8>>,
}
fn parse_mesh_packet(data: &[u8]) -> Option<ParsedPacket> {
let mut idx = 0;
let mut from = None;
let mut to = None;
let mut channel = 0u8;
let mut decoded = None;
let mut id = None;
let mut rx_time = None;
let mut pki_encrypted = false;
let mut public_key = None;
while idx < data.len() {
let (field, value, next) = next_field(data, idx)?;
idx = next;
match (field, value) {
(1, FieldValue::Fixed32(v)) => from = Some(v),
(2, FieldValue::Fixed32(v)) => to = Some(v),
(3, FieldValue::Varint(v)) => channel = v as u8,
(4, FieldValue::Bytes(b)) => decoded = Some(b),
(6, FieldValue::Fixed32(v)) => id = Some(v),
(7, FieldValue::Fixed32(v)) if v != 0 => rx_time = Some(v),
(16, FieldValue::Bytes(b)) if !b.is_empty() => public_key = Some(b.to_vec()),
(17, FieldValue::Varint(v)) => pki_encrypted = v != 0,
_ => {}
}
}
let decoded = decoded?;
let mut didx = 0;
let mut portnum = 0;
let mut payload = Vec::new();
while didx < decoded.len() {
let (field, value, next) = next_field(decoded, didx)?;
didx = next;
match (field, value) {
(1, FieldValue::Varint(v)) => portnum = v as u32,
(2, FieldValue::Bytes(b)) => payload = b.to_vec(),
_ => {}
}
}
Some(ParsedPacket {
from,
to,
channel,
portnum,
payload,
id,
rx_time,
pki_encrypted,
public_key,
})
}
fn now_unix_secs() -> u32 {
std::time::SystemTime::now()
.duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
.map(|d| d.as_secs() as u32)
.unwrap_or(0)
}
fn next_packet_id() -> u32 {
static COUNTER: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU32 = std::sync::atomic::AtomicU32::new(1);
let ctr = COUNTER.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
let nanos = std::time::SystemTime::now()
.duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
.map(|d| d.subsec_nanos())
.unwrap_or(0);
nanos ^ ctr.rotate_left(16)
}
enum FieldValue<'a> {
Varint(u64),
Fixed32(u32),
Bytes(&'a [u8]),
}
fn next_field(buf: &[u8], idx: usize) -> Option<(u64, FieldValue<'_>, usize)> {
let (key, n) = read_varint(&buf[idx..])?;
let field = key >> 3;
let mut pos = idx + n;
match key & 0x07 {
0 => {
let (v, n) = read_varint(&buf[pos..])?;
pos += n;
Some((field, FieldValue::Varint(v), pos))
}
2 => {
let (len, n) = read_varint(&buf[pos..])?;
pos += n;
let end = pos.checked_add(len as usize)?;
if end > buf.len() {
return None;
}
Some((field, FieldValue::Bytes(&buf[pos..end]), end))
}
5 => {
let end = pos.checked_add(4)?;
if end > buf.len() {
None
} else {
let value =
u32::from_le_bytes([buf[pos], buf[pos + 1], buf[pos + 2], buf[pos + 3]]);
Some((field, FieldValue::Fixed32(value), end))
}
}
1 => {
let end = pos.checked_add(8)?;
if end > buf.len() {
None
} else {
Some((field, FieldValue::Bytes(&buf[pos..end]), end))
}
}
wire => {
warn!(wire, "Unsupported Meshtastic protobuf wire type");
None
}
}
}
fn read_varint(buf: &[u8]) -> Option<(u64, usize)> {
let mut out = 0u64;
for (i, b) in buf.iter().copied().enumerate().take(10) {
out |= ((b & 0x7f) as u64) << (7 * i);
if b & 0x80 == 0 {
return Some((out, i + 1));
}
}
None
}
fn encode_varint_field(field: u64, value: u64) -> Vec<u8> {
let mut out = Vec::new();
encode_varint_field_into(field, value, &mut out);
out
}
fn encode_varint_field_into(field: u64, value: u64, out: &mut Vec<u8>) {
write_varint((field << 3) | 0, out);
write_varint(value, out);
}
fn encode_len_field(field: u64, bytes: &[u8], out: &mut Vec<u8>) {
write_varint((field << 3) | 2, out);
write_varint(bytes.len() as u64, out);
out.extend_from_slice(bytes);
}
fn encode_fixed32_field(field: u64, value: u32, out: &mut Vec<u8>) {
write_varint((field << 3) | 5, out);
out.extend_from_slice(&value.to_le_bytes());
}
fn write_varint(mut value: u64, out: &mut Vec<u8>) {
while value >= 0x80 {
out.push((value as u8 & 0x7f) | 0x80);
value >>= 7;
}
out.push(value as u8);
}
fn string_field(bytes: &[u8]) -> Option<String> {
std::str::from_utf8(bytes).ok().map(|s| s.to_string())
}
fn synthetic_pubkey(node_num: u32) -> [u8; 32] {
let mut out = [0u8; 32];
out[..4].copy_from_slice(&node_num.to_le_bytes());
out[4..15].copy_from_slice(b"meshtastic:");
out
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use crate::mesh::protocol;
fn serial_frame(payload: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
let mut frame = Vec::new();
frame.push(START1);
frame.push(START2);
frame.extend_from_slice(&(payload.len() as u16).to_be_bytes());
frame.extend_from_slice(payload);
frame
}
#[test]
fn decode_serial_frame_skips_false_marker_with_impossible_length() {
let valid_payload = encode_varint_field(FROM_RADIO_CONFIG_COMPLETE_ID, 1);
let mut buf = vec![b'l', b'o', b'g', START1, START2, 0xff, 0xff, b'x'];
buf.extend_from_slice(&serial_frame(&valid_payload));
let decoded = decode_serial_frame(&mut buf).expect("valid frame after false marker");
assert_eq!(decoded, valid_payload);
}
#[test]
fn decode_serial_frame_skips_false_marker_with_invalid_payload() {
let valid_payload = encode_varint_field(FROM_RADIO_CONFIG_COMPLETE_ID, 1);
let mut buf = vec![START1, START2, 0x00, 0x03, b'b', b'a', b'd'];
buf.extend_from_slice(&serial_frame(&valid_payload));
let decoded = decode_serial_frame(&mut buf).expect("valid frame after invalid payload");
assert_eq!(decoded, valid_payload);
}
#[test]
fn decode_serial_frame_accepts_queue_status_variant() {
let mut queue_status = Vec::new();
encode_len_field(
FROM_RADIO_QUEUE_STATUS,
&[0x10, 0x0e, 0x18, 0x10],
&mut queue_status,
);
let mut buf = serial_frame(&queue_status);
let decoded =
decode_serial_frame(&mut buf).expect("queue status is a valid FromRadio frame");
assert_eq!(decoded, queue_status);
}
#[test]
fn encode_mesh_packet_sets_nonzero_id_and_time() {
let before = now_unix_secs();
let packet = encode_mesh_packet(0x1122_3344, TEXT_MESSAGE_APP, b"hello");
let after = now_unix_secs();
let parsed = parse_mesh_packet(&packet).expect("packet should parse");
assert_eq!(parsed.portnum, TEXT_MESSAGE_APP);
assert_eq!(parsed.payload, b"hello");
assert!(parsed.id.unwrap_or(0) != 0);
let rx_time = parsed.rx_time.expect("rx_time should be set");
assert!(rx_time >= before.saturating_sub(1));
assert!(rx_time <= after.saturating_add(1));
}
#[test]
fn packet_to_inbound_frame_accepts_stock_peer_with_unset_clock() {
let from = 0x0000_3ccc;
let mut contacts = HashMap::new();
let mut peer_pubkeys = HashMap::new();
let mut decoded = Vec::new();
encode_varint_field_into(1, TEXT_MESSAGE_APP as u64, &mut decoded);
encode_len_field(2, b"hello from 3ccc", &mut decoded);
let mut packet = Vec::new();
encode_fixed32_field(1, from, &mut packet);
encode_fixed32_field(2, BROADCAST_NUM, &mut packet);
encode_len_field(4, &decoded, &mut packet);
encode_fixed32_field(7, 12_345, &mut packet);
let frame =
packet_to_inbound_frame(&packet, Some(0x1111_1111), &mut contacts, &mut peer_pubkeys)
.expect("live packet with unset radio clock must not be dropped");
// A `to == BROADCAST_NUM` text is a channel broadcast (3ccc on public
// LongFast), so it routes to the channel thread, carrying its sender.
assert_eq!(frame.code, protocol::RESP_MESHTASTIC_CHANNEL_TEXT);
assert_eq!(frame.data[0], 0, "no channel field set => primary/public (0)");
assert_eq!(&frame.data[1..7], &[0xcc, 0x3c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6d, 0x65]);
assert_eq!(&frame.data[7..], b"hello from 3ccc");
assert!(contacts.contains_key(&from));
}
#[test]
fn packet_to_inbound_frame_directed_dm_stays_a_contact_message() {
// A text addressed directly to us (to == our node, not broadcast) must
// remain a 1:1 DM, NOT get rerouted to a channel thread.
let from = 0x0000_3ccc;
let me = 0x1111_1111;
let mut contacts = HashMap::new();
let mut peer_pubkeys = HashMap::new();
let mut decoded = Vec::new();
encode_varint_field_into(1, TEXT_MESSAGE_APP as u64, &mut decoded);
encode_len_field(2, b"direct hello", &mut decoded);
let mut packet = Vec::new();
encode_fixed32_field(1, from, &mut packet);
encode_fixed32_field(2, me, &mut packet); // to == us, directed
encode_len_field(4, &decoded, &mut packet);
encode_fixed32_field(7, 12_345, &mut packet);
let frame =
packet_to_inbound_frame(&packet, Some(me), &mut contacts, &mut peer_pubkeys)
.expect("directed DM must surface");
assert_eq!(frame.code, protocol::RESP_CONTACT_MSG_V3);
let (sender_prefix, payload, _snr) =
protocol::parse_contact_msg_v3_raw(&frame.data).unwrap();
assert_eq!(sender_prefix, "cc3c00006d65");
assert_eq!(payload, b"direct hello");
}
#[test]
fn packet_to_inbound_frame_accepts_recent_meshtastic_backlog() {
let from = 0x433e_3ccc;
let mut contacts = HashMap::new();
let mut peer_pubkeys = HashMap::new();
let mut decoded = Vec::new();
encode_varint_field_into(1, TEXT_MESSAGE_APP as u64, &mut decoded);
encode_len_field(2, b"recent backlog", &mut decoded);
let mut packet = Vec::new();
encode_fixed32_field(1, from, &mut packet);
encode_fixed32_field(2, BROADCAST_NUM, &mut packet);
encode_len_field(4, &decoded, &mut packet);
encode_fixed32_field(7, now_unix_secs().saturating_sub(60 * 60), &mut packet);
let frame =
packet_to_inbound_frame(&packet, Some(0x1111_1111), &mut contacts, &mut peer_pubkeys)
.expect("recent radio backlog must surface in mesh.messages");
// Broadcast → channel frame: [channel_idx][sender_prefix(6)][text].
assert_eq!(frame.code, protocol::RESP_MESHTASTIC_CHANNEL_TEXT);
assert_eq!(&frame.data[1..7], &[0xcc, 0x3c, 0x3e, 0x43, 0x6d, 0x65]);
assert_eq!(&frame.data[7..], b"recent backlog");
}
#[test]
fn stale_filter_keeps_packets_from_radios_with_unset_clock() {
assert!(!packet_is_stale(None));
assert!(!packet_is_stale(Some(0)));
assert!(!packet_is_stale(Some(12_345)));
}
#[test]
fn stale_filter_drops_only_plausibly_old_packets() {
let old = now_unix_secs().saturating_sub(STALE_RX_SECS + 60);
if old >= PLAUSIBLE_RX_EPOCH_SECS {
assert!(packet_is_stale(Some(old)));
}
}
}